Nilotinib: what it is and why it matters
Nilotinib (brand name Tasigna) is a targeted cancer pill used mainly for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). It blocks the BCR-ABL protein that drives many CML cases. For many people, nilotinib can control the disease without the need for standard chemo. If you're starting it or helping someone who is, this page gives clear, usable tips on taking it safely.
How nilotinib works and who it's for
Nilotinib belongs to a class called tyrosine kinase inhibitors. It fits into the BCR-ABL “engine” and slows or stops cancer cells from growing. Doctors usually prescribe it for adults with chronic or accelerated-phase CML, either as a first choice or after other drugs stop working. Your oncologist will pick the dose based on your disease phase and other health factors.
Typical dosing is twice a day, but exact dose and schedule come from your doctor. Don’t change dose or stop taking it without talking to your care team. Stopping suddenly can let the disease rebound.
Safety, monitoring, and practical tips
Nilotinib can cause mild to serious side effects. Common ones include nausea, rash, headache, muscle pain, constipation, and fatigue. Serious issues to watch for are liver injury, pancreatitis, high blood sugar, low potassium or magnesium, and heart rhythm changes (QT prolongation).
Your doctor should order tests before and during treatment: an ECG to check heart rhythm, liver blood tests, blood counts, electrolytes, and blood sugar checks. Expect the first ECG within the first week or two, then periodically after that. If you have pre-existing heart problems or take medicines that affect the QT interval, the team will weigh risks carefully.
Take nilotinib on an empty stomach. Don't eat for at least 2 hours before and 1 hour after each dose. Food increases absorption and can raise side effect risk. Also avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice — they interfere with how the drug is broken down and can boost levels unexpectedly.
Drug interactions matter. Nilotinib is processed by liver enzymes (CYP3A4). Strong inhibitors or inducers of these enzymes can raise or lower nilotinib levels. Tell your doctor about all medicines, supplements, and herbal products you take. Some common offenders: certain antibiotics, antifungals, some HIV drugs, and some antidepressants or antipsychotics.
If you’re pregnant or planning pregnancy, talk to your doctor. Nilotinib can harm a fetus, so use reliable contraception during treatment and for a time after stopping as directed by your specialist.
Storage is simple: keep tablets in the original blister pack at room temperature and away from moisture. Only take pills that match your prescription label. Buy meds only from reputable pharmacies and always with a valid prescription.
Have questions or notice new symptoms like dizziness, irregular heartbeat, severe stomach pain, yellowing skin, or very high fever — call your clinic right away. Nilotinib is powerful and effective, but it works best when you and your medical team watch for side effects and stick to the plan.
